INDEX - Advances in Chemistry (ACS Publications)

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INDEX Aspergillus 91,93 A awamori 348 Accessible surface area 229 foetidus 30,348,355 Accessibility 149, 221, 234 fonsecaeus 191 of bacterial cellulose membranes 146 fumigatus 191 of carbohydrates 147 niger 11, 114, 118-9, 126-7, 172, of native cellulose 145 346, 348, 359-60, 379, 382, of substrate vs. rate of saccha388, 391, 396 rification 417 oryzae 119,346,382 Acetobacter xylinum 14 phoenicis 348 Acid treatment 282 terreus 394 Acorns 299 versicolor 192 Actinomycetes 394 wentii 106 Activation energy in degradation of Assay of cellulase activity 86 celluloses by enzymes 8 Astasia ocellata 108 Activities of cellulase preparations 396-7 Aureobasidium cell wall glucan . . 108 Activity of cellulase, chemical modAureobasidium pullulans 108 ification of cellulose vs 10 Avena sativa 330 Additives 403 endosperm 108 Adenostoma fasiculatum 281 Avicel 39,53,73 ADF 288 Adsorption on different cellulose columns 95 Bacillus Aeration 414 cereus 69 Affinity factor 56 circulans 119 Agar-agar 385 licheniformis 69 Agitated systems, batch and semistearothermophilus 64 continuously 415 subtilis 29,120 Agrobacterium spp 108 Bacterial cellulose 141 Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes 108 membranes, accessibility of . . . . 146 Alder sawdust 286-7,289,295 Bacteroides succinogenes 285 Alfalfa . . . 246, 248, 256-7, 265, 268, 305 Bagasse, mixed fermentation of . . 457 hay 200 Bagasse, utilization of 447 Alkali, dilute 197 Balled filter paper 53 Alkali treatment 282 Balsam fir 249,257 Amino acid composition of the endo Bamboo shoots 281 and exoglucanases of Tricho265 derma viride 17 Barley glucan 108 Ammonia, liquid 197 Basidiomycete 31,394,396 Ammonium sulfate treatment . . . . 281 enzyme 116 Amorphous cellulose by endogluBatch and semi-continuously agiconase, hydrolysis of 423 tated systems 415 Amylase 345 Beech 207 a-Amylase 125 leaves 299 ^-Amylase Ill Beef cattle rations, wood as a source Amyloglucosidase 26 of energy in 279 Amyloids 108 Bermuda grass 280 Anhydroglucose units 179 hay, sawdust vs. coastal 321 Apple 362 Birch 241 Arabinose 109 fibers 159 Aryl-/3-glucosidase 93 leaves 299 Ascomycetes 91 pulps 316 Aspen 207,248-50 wood 246 silage 252

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462

CELLULASES A N D THEIR

APPLICATIONS

Cellulase (Continued) assay of 86 chemical modification of cellulose vs. activity of 10 16 complex 23, 53 299 Ci-component of the 34 enzymes of the 7 C of Ruminococcus 53 components of bacteria, extracelCi 34,42,56,84 lular and cell-bound 60 cotton 393 components, discrimination tests glucanases 23 of 76 reaction 4, 8-9 formation by Ps.fiuorescens. . . 66 Cx enzyme 56,84,192,194 inactivation of 401 C /3(1—>4) glucanase 393 induction of 399-400 Cabbage 362 inhibition of Penicillium pusillum 425 Calcium vs. cellulose digestibility 255 molecules, size and shape of . . . 170 Callose 108 onozuka Cambium 146-7 F1500 386 Candida utilis 450 F400 376 Cane molasses 299 P1500 379 Capillary structure of cellulose . . . 168 P500 360,374-5,381,387 Carbohydrates, accessibility of . . . 147 PE 360-1,366,371 Carbohydrates, readily digestible . . 255 patterns of synthesis of 67 Carboxymethylcellulase 37, 42, 285 perturbation spectra of 97 Carboxymethylcellulose 106, 189 P. funiculosum 150 change in chain length vs. change P. notatum 100-1 in end groups during hydrolpreparations, activities of 396-7 ysis of 14 production, concentration of Solka by endogluconase, hydrolysis of 423 Floe, proteose peptone, and enzymatic hydrolysis of 12 Proflo vs 404-5 enzyme concentration and temproduction of 403 perature vs. hydrolysis of . . 398 T. viride 409 intrinsic viscosity of 11 components, properties of purirandom hydrolysis of 13 fied 75 time and temperature vs. hydrolresearch, perspective on 1 ysis of 399 solutions exo-/3-l —> 4-glucanase Carboxymethylpachyman 106 in crude 26 Carrot 362,365,369 Cellulases Cathode rays on sprucewood and characterization of 95 cotton linters, effects of . . . . 283 in Japan, application of 359 Cattie, fattening of mature 315 new methods for 83 Caulerpa brownii 118 production of 391 Cell-bound cellulase components of pseudomonas 72, 73 bacteria 60 Cell-bound cellulases 63 specificities of pseudomonas . . . 73 Cellobiase 37,42 Cellulase, T. viride 149 Cellobiose . . .27, 61, 73, 78, 97, 365, 400 Cellulolytic Cellodextrin 63 components, mode of action of . . 14 Cellodextrinases 285 enzymes 83,152 Cellohexaose enzymes, superficial 191 -i*C, end labelled 15 enzymes of Diplodia zeae, conhydrolysis of 16 stitutive 188 reduced 16 filtrates 31 Cello-oligosaccharides 63, 73-75 systems, supramolecular structure Cellopentaose 424 vs. activity of . . . . 7 Cellotetraose 21, 27, 424 CeUulomonas 453-4 optical rotation vs. hydrolysis of Cellulose 61,108,245,315 reduced 19 accessibility of native 145 Cellotriose 21,78,424 vs. activity of cellulase, chemical Cell protein 455 modification of 10 cost of production of 456 bacterial 141 Cell separating enzyme 359 capillary structure of 168 Cellulase 37,70,93 -cellulase system 233 activity 90

Black spruce Boron vs. cellulose digestibility . . Bovine mycoplasma Breakdown of cellulose, enzymes involved in Brush wood

249 255 108

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INDEX

Cellulose (Continued) with cellulase vs. saccharification, milling 441 chains, conformation of 140 columns, adsorption on different 95 continuous saccharification of modified 440 degradation, new mechanism for 53 degree of polymerization of . . . 179 by endo-gluconase, hydrolysis of amorphous 423 enzymatic hydrolysis of 392 enzymatic saccharification of . . . 415 enzymes in breakdown of 16 fibers, chemical constituents of 159 fibers, structure of 155 growth of yeasts on enzymatic digests of 411 hydrolyzates, use of 410 membranes, accessibility of bacterial 146 microfibrils, native 141 model of 10 oligosaccharides by Cellvibrio gilvus, metabolism of 19 as donors to glucose 21 phosphorolysis of 22 series 15 pH vs. saccharification of modified 431 polymer series 18 reactivation of enzyme digested 436 by ruminants, utilization of . . . . 242 saccharification rate of modified 438 semi-continuous saccharification of modified 437 structure and morphology of . . 139 temperature vs. saccharification of 431 unit cell structures of 178 Cellulosic materials, digestibility of 454 materials vs. enzymatic hydrolysis, structural features of . . 152 substrates, pH vs. enzymatic hydrolysis of 12 Cellulosin AP 360-1,366,371,374, 376,381 Cellvibrio gilvus . . .7,14, 22, 71, 80,114 cellulases 75 metabolism of cellulose oligosaccharides by 19 Cell wall constituents digestibility of 256 in lignocellulose 246 Cereal straw 282 Cetraria icelandica 108 CFE 292 Chaetomium globosum 394 Chamise 281 Change in chain length vs. change in end groups during hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose 14

Change in number of end groups vs. change in chain length . . 13 Characterization of cellulases . . . . 95 Chemical constituents of cellulose fibers . . 159 modification of cellulose us. activity of cellulase 10 processing vs. digestion ceiling . . 257 treatment 281 Chitin 124 Chitinase 367 Chrysolaminarin 108 Chrysosporium lignorum 58,85,91, 93,172 Chrysosporium pruinosum 30,59, 394-6 Citrus natsudaidai 380 Citrus unshiu 380 Claviceps glucan 118 Clostridium thermocellum 15, 20, 22, 80 CMC 88,395 CMC-saccharifying activities of pseudomonas cellulase components 77 CMCase 78,365,368,381 Coastal Bermuda 268 Coastal hay 321-3 Cobalt vs. cellulose digestibility . . 255 Coconut cake 383 Commercial enzyme process: glucoamylase 343 Comminution vs. particle size . . . . 249 Commission on Enzymes 86 Complex of Ruminococcus, cellulase 53 Composition vs. digestibility 268 of forages 262 of wood products 299 Conduritol B-epoxide 106 Conformation of cellulose chains . . 140 Coniferous woods 241 Constitutive cellulolytic enzymes of Diplodia zeae 188 Copper vs. cellulose digestibility . . 255 Corn 265,304,323-4 steeped 384 steep liquor 349 Cost of commercial proteins . . . . 456 Cost of production of cell protein 456 Cotton 223 cellulose to enzymatic hydrolysis, susceptibility of 419 duck 400 fibers 159 linters, effects of cathode rays on 283 in phosphoric acid, swelling o f . . 224 Cottonseed hulls 304-5,308-9 Cottonseed flour vs. cellulase production, concentration of ...404-5 Cotton sliver 400 Crown gall polysaccharide 108 Crystallinity, degree of 176 CSE 359, 362-3, 367, 378-80, 388 Cultural conditions 402

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CELLULASES A N D THEIR

Curdlan

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D DE 247,333 Degradability of wood waste . . . . 326 Degradation of celluloses by enzymes, activation energy in 8 of crystalline hydrocellulose vs. surface area 423 new mechanism for cellulose . . . 53 Degree of crystallinity 176 Degree of polymerization of cellulose 179 Delignification 329 Deuterium oxide 145 Dextran 239-40,283 Diatoms 108 Dicotyledon seed 108 Difference spectrophotometric studies 96 Digestible carbohydrates 255 dry matter, lignin content vs. . . 270 energy 247 of laurel hemicellulose 307 Digestibility . . . . 219, 241, 251, 320, 329 of cellulosic materials 454 of cell wall constituents 256 composition vs 268 of hemicellulose constituents . . . 257 hemicellulose vs 312 of lignocellulosic materials . . . . 197 of spruce sulfite pulps 230 Digestion ceiling concept 247 Digestion, change in wood fiber during 325 Digestive system of the cow . . . . 243 Dilute alkali 197 Diplodia zeae, constitutive cellulolytic enzymes of 188 Discrimination tests of cellulase components 76 Distribution of protein and enzymic activities 92 DM 246 Dolabella 124 Douglas fir sawdust 283 Dry matter 245

E Eastern hemlock Eisenia bicyclis Electrolytic reduction Electrophoresis, free-zone Electrophoresis, zone Elm leaves EMC Enzymatic digestion

249 108,118 98 100 63, 79 299 205 224

APPLICATIONS

Enzymatic (Continued) digests of cellulose, growth of yeasts on 411 hydrolysis 154 of carboxymethylcellulose . . . 12 of cellulose 392 structural features of cellulosic materials vs 152 susceptibility of cotton cellulose to 419 saccharification of cellulose . . . 415 Enzyme activity, heat 422 activity, measurement of 395 concentration vs. hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose and filter paper 398 concentration vs. hydrolysis of cellulose 407 process: glucoamylase, commercial 343 -substrate relationships 105 Enzymes activation energy in degradation of celluloses by 8 in the breakdown of cellulose . . 16 of the cellulase complex 7 Commission on 86 hydrolyzing /3-glucosidic linkages 107 superficial cellulolytic 191 synthetic action of 24 Enzymic activities, distribution of 92 Enzymic activities from isoelectric separation, distribution of . . . 94 End-labeled cellohexaose- C . . . . 15 Endoglucanase, hydrolysis of amorphous cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose by 423 Endoglucanases, amino acid composition of 17 Endogluconoses of Trichoderma viride 18 Endomyces 347 Endotype synthesis 65 Energy in beef cattle rations, wood as a source of 279 Energy of the glucosyl bonds . . . . 20 Eremoplastron bovis 285 Erwinia aroideae 378 Escherichia coli 68 Euglena gracilis 108,118,126 Excreta 387 Exo-/3-l —» 4-glucanase in crude cellulase solutions 26 Exoglucanases 14, 24 amino acid composition of the . . 17 of Trichoderma viride 18 Exo-hydrolases, /3-glucan Ill Exo-polysaccharases 26 Exo-type synthesis 65 Extracellular cellulase components of bacteria 60 Extracellular cellulases 63 14

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INDEX

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F

Glucans, substituted 121 Glucose 61,400 Fabospora fragilis 119 cellulose oligosaccharides as doFat vs. cellulolytic activity 255 nors to 21 Fattening of mature cattle 315 model of 10 Feed efficiency, growth response vs. 341 /3-Glucosidase 67,70,93 Feeding level 251 Glucosidases 23 Feed for ruminants, hardwood sawGlucoside, sophorose a/3( 1 —> 2) . . 401 dust as 315 0-Glucosidic linkages, enzymes hyFermentation of bagasse, mixed . . 457 drolyzing 107 Fermenter, semi-continuous laboraGlucostat reagent 192 tory 409 Glucosyl bonds, energy of 20 Fiber saturation 231 Glucosyl bonds vs. glucotransferase 21 Fibers, chemical constituents of Glucotransferase 20 cellulose 159 glucosyl bonds vs 21 Fibers, structure of cellulose . . . . 155 Glycerol 400 Filter paperase 365,368,376 Gracilaria convervoides 385 Filter paper 393,400 Gracilaria verrucosa 386 degrading enzyme activity 366 Grass, orchard 246 enzyme concentration and temGreen tea component 367-8 perature vs. hydrolysis of . . 398 Ground corn 305, 349 Fir tree cellulose, hydrolysis of . . . 420 Growth response vs. feed efficiency 341 Fistulated steer 223,291-2,320,330 Fluidity vs. reducing power during H the hydrolysis of CMC 74 Food, source of 3 Hansenula anomala 119 Fornix annosus 91, 93, 172, 191 Hardwoods 199,241 Fractionation of phosphorylase and Hardwood sawdust as feed for ruhydralase activities 20 minants 315 Free-zone electrophoresis 100 HC 302 Fruits, unicellular 362 Heat vs. enzyme activity 422 FSP 206 Helix pomatia 122, 396 Fungal koji 345 Hemicellulose 245, 302, 304, 306, 308-9 Fungi 394 constituents, digestibility of . . . 257 Fusarium moniliforme 394 digestible energy of laurel . . . . 307 Fusarium roseum 394 vs. palatability and digestibility 312 Hemlock 257 sawdust 291-2,294 G Histidyl groups 102 /3-Galactans 124 Holocellulose 147 Galactose 109 Hordeum vulgare endosperm . . . . 108 Galactoside, lactose a/3(l—»4) . . 401 Hungate technique 53 Gelatinization of seaweed 375 Hyaluronic acid 124 Gel filtration 90, 100 Hydrocellulase 39 Gelidium amansii 384-5 vs. surface area, degradation of Gentiobiose 64 crystalline 423 Geotrichum candidum 192 Hydrogenbondase 34 Glucoamylase 26,111 commercial enzyme process: . . . 343 Hydrolase activities, fractionation of /3-Glucomannans 124 phosphorylase and 20 Glucanase 0-1,3367 Hydrolases, 0-glucan 105 C /3(l->4) 393 Hydrolysis in crude cellulase solutions, exoof amorphous cellulose and car/8(l-»4) 26 boxymethylcellulose by 0-1,4-Glucan cellobiosyl hydrolases 114 endogluconase 423 /3-Glucan endo-hydrolases 128 of carboxymethylcellulose and fil/3-Glucan exo-hydrolases Ill ter paper, enzyme concen/3-1,3-Glucan glucosyl hydrolases . . 115 tration and temperature vs. 398 /3-1,4-Glucan glucosyl hydrolases . . 113 of cellohexaose 16 a-l,4-Glucan hydrolases Ill of cellulose, enzyme concentraa-l,6-Glucan hydrolases Ill tion vs 407 /3-Glucan hydrolases 105 long term 404 0-Glucans, structure and occurrence structural features of cellulosic of 109 materials vs. enzymatic . . . 152 x

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CELLULASES A N D THEIR

Hydrolysis (Continued) susceptibility of cotton cellulose to enzymatic 419 by T. viride cellulase, substrate vs. extent of 405-6 by T. viride, pH vs. long term . . 408 Hydrolytic factor 56 Hydrolytic treatments 282 Hydrolyzates, use of cellulose . . . 410 Hydroxyethylcellulose 106 Hyphae 163-4, 166-7, 175, 182, 190, 192,194

Lentinus edodes 365 Lenzites trabea 200 Lichenin 108,125,400 Light intensity vs. composition of rye grasses 274 Lignification 328 Lignin 245,283 content vs. digestible dry matter 270 Lignocellulose cell wall constituents in 246 in ruminant nutrition 245 utilization, minerals vs 254 Lignocellulosic materials, digestibility of 197 Live oak 281 Liquid ammonia 197 Locust beans 299 Lodgepole pine 249, 257 Long term hydrolysis 404 by T. viride, pH vs 408 Luteic acid 108 Lysozyme 105, 128 -catalyzed reactions 129

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I

APPLICATIONS

Inactivation of cellulase 401 Induction of cellulase 399 Inhibition of Penicillium pusillum cellulase 425 Inoculum size 413 Inoculum, source of 252 Intracellular enzymes 69 Intrinsic viscosity of carboxymethylcellulose 11 Iron vs. cellulose digestibility . . . 255 M Irpex lacteus 121, 124, 127-8 cellulase 424 Macerozyme 360-1,366-7,371, Irradiation vs. digestion ceiling . . 257 374-5, 381 Islandic acid 108 Macromolecules, properties of . . . 227 Isoelectric focusing 92 Magnesium vs. cellulose digestiIsoelectric separation, distribution bility 255 of enzymic activities from . . . 94 Malonic acid 109 Isomaltose 358 Malt 345 /3-Mannans 124 J Mannanase 93 Mannitol 109 Japan, application of cellulases in 359 Mannosidase 93 Jute 200 Maturity of forages 262 Maturity of the plant 256 K Mechanism for cellulose degradation, new 53 Koji 365 Median pore sizes 232 fungal 345 Meicelase 383 Konbu 374 P 360-1 process 407 Merthiolate 190, 193, 445 Metabolism of cellulose oligosacL charides by Cellvibrio gilvus. 19 Michaelis constants 18 Laboratory fermenter, semi-conMicrobial fermentation of wood tinuous 409 products 310 Lactose 400 Microfibrils 156 Lactose a,/3(l —*4) galactoside . . 401 native cellulose 141 Lambs 322,332 Milling cellulose with cellulase vs. Laminaria 375 saccharification 441 cloustoni 108 Minerals vs. lignocellulose utilizadigitata 108 tion 254 hyperborea 108 Mixed fermentation of bagasse . . . . 457 saccharina 108 Molasses 299 Laminaribiose 20 Molecular sieves 237 Laminaridextrins 24 Laminarinase, Rhizopus arrhizus . . 125 Molybdenum vs. cellulose digestibility 254 Laminarins 108 Monodus glucan 108 Laurel hemicellulose 308-9 Leucosin 108 Monodus subterraneus 108

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INDEX

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Morphology of cellulose, structure and 139 Multiple attack 125 Mushroom 365, 369 Mycodextranase 121 Mycoplasma glucan 108 Myrothecium 29 verrucaria 13,35,84,90,110,122, 172, 236, 394, 396

P

Pachyman 108 Palatability 302,304 hemicellulose vs 312 of rations 306 Pancellase 364 Panicum maximum 250 Papaya 362 Paramylon 24,108 Parenchyma 360 cells 377 N Particle size, comminution vs. . . . 249 Patterns of synthesis of cellulase . . 67 Native cellulose, accessibility of . . 145 PDE 247 Native cellulose microfibrils 141 Peanut hull 280 NaOH-treated oat straw, urea supPectic acid 365 plementation vs. nutritive PEG 205 value of 328 Penicillium 108 NaOH-treatment 329 funiculosum 41-4 NE 265 cellulase 150 Neurospora crassa 78,110 ftuorescens 82 Never-dried pulps . .223, 229-32, 238-41 notatum 92,97-8,172 NFE 263 cellulase 100-2 Nicotiana glutinosa 120 pusillum 30, 394-5 Nitrogen free extract 263 cellulase, inhibition of 425 Nitrogen as a supplement 253 variable cellulase 420-1 p-Nitrophenyl-/3-glucoside 73 Peranema trichophorum 108 Nutritive value Perturbation spectra of cellulase . . 97 of forages 262 Pestalotiopsis westerdijikii 390, 394 index 336 Phaeodactylum tricornutum 108 of NaOH-treated oat straw, urea pH vs. enzymatic hydrolysis of supplementation vs 328 cellulosic substrates 12 of wood products 299 pH vs. saccharification of modified NVI 333,336 cellulose 431 pH vs. long-term hydrolysis by T. viride 408 O Phosphoric acid, swelling of cotton in 224 Oak leaves 299 Phosphorolysis of cellulose oligoOak sawdust 280,318-9,322-4 saccharides 22 vs. oyster shell 317 Phosphorus vs. cellulose digestiOat glucan 108 bility 255 Oats 265,268 Phosphorylase and hydrolase activiOat straw 265,330 ties, fractionation of 20 urea supplementation vs. nutriPinus mugo 108 tive value of NaOH-treated 328 286 Ochromonas malhamensis 108 PMV Pneumococcal type III 124 OH-stretching frequency bands . . 141 Polyplastron multivesiculatum . . . 285 Oligosaccharide end products 126 Polyporus Oligosaccharides 14 cinnabarinus 30 by Cellvibrio gilvus, metabolism annosus 65 of cellulose 19 versicolor 85, 90,172, 200 as donors to glucose, cellulose . . 21 Polysaccharides 124 phosphorolysis of cellulose 22 in wood fibers 162 of 7 and 14 monomers, model of 10 Poplar leaves 299 Onion 362 Populus tremuloides 252 Optical rotation vs. hydrolysis of rePore size 222 duced cellotetraose 19 Poria 395-6 Orange peel 362 cocus sclerotia 108 Orchard grass 246,257,281 Porosity 226,238 ORD studies 101 Potato 365,369 Organisms 394 degradation 366 Organoleptic tests 376 Potentially digestible energy 247 Oyster shell, oak sawdust vs 317 Potentiometric titration 101

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CELLULASES A N D THEIR

Production of cellulases 391,403 Production of T. viride cellulase . . 409 Proflo vs. cellulase production, concentration of 404-5 Protein activities, distribution of . . 92 Protein-protein interaction 53 Proteins, cost of commercial 456 Proteolytic enzymes 99 Proteose peptone vs. cellulase production, concentration of . . . .404-5 Pseudomonad 61,63 Pseudomonas cellulase 72-3,75-6,78 specificities of 73 components, CMC-saccharifying activities of 77 fluoresces 61, 69-71, 75, 78,124,128 cellulase formation by 66 saccharophila 64 Pullulanase Ill Pulps, never-dried . .223, 229-32, 238-41 Pustulan 108 Pyrenochaeta terrestris 65, 188

Rumen inoculum microflora microorganisms parakeratosis Ruminococcus alhus cellulase complex of flavefaciens Rye Ryegrass

APPLICATIONS

229-30,241 252 315 319, 321 53, 55 53 80,285 256-7 246,268

Saccharification accessibility of substrate vs. rate of 417 of cellulose, enzymatic 415 of cellulose, temperature vs. .. . 431 milling cellulose with cellulase vs 441 of modified cellulose, continuous 440 of modified cellulose, pH vs. . . 431 of modified cellulose, semicontinuous 437 rate of modified cellulose 438 Q system 439 Quercus wislizenii 281 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 116,119 Sawdust 283,300,317 vs. coastal Bermudagrass hay . . 321 R as feed for ruminants, hardwood 315 Random hydrolysis of carboxymethfrom pine 299 lycellulose 13 Schizophyllum commune 119 Raw wood in ruminant rations . . . 312 Sclerotinia lihertians 116 Reactivity 221 Seaweed Red clover hay 299 components 377 Reduced cellohexaose 16 gelatinization of 375 Reducing sugars 428 jelly 374 Reed canary grass 273 Seaweeds 385 Relative intake 235 Selenium vs. cellulose digestibility 255 RH 205 Semi-continuous laboratory Rhizoctonia solani 192 fermenter 409 Rhizopus Semi-continuously agitated systems, alhus 285 batch and 415 arrhizus 119 Semi-continuous saccharification of laminarinase 125 modified cellulose 437 CSE 360,381,388 Sephadex 36,85,91 Koji 370-1 Septic tank 387 delamar 118,127,346,348 Sewage sludge 280 Koji 360-1 Shaddock peel 362 oryzae 346 Shape of cellulase molecules . . . . 170 sp 359-60,379-80 Sheep 316,318 stolonifer 378 Shelled corn 303 Rhodophyceae 384 Shiitake mushroom 365, 367 Rice 365,369 Silage, aspen 252 Ruminant 329 Silica in wood 278 nutrition, wood derived products Size of cellulase molecules 170 in 298 Smith degradation 121 nutrition, lignocellulose in . . . . 245 Sodium citrate 376 rationing systems 299 Sodium phosphate treatment 281 rations, raw wood in 312 Softwoods 241 Ruminants, hardwood sawdust as Solka Floe 400,420,426-7,428-9, feed for 315 431-3, 434-5,445 Ruminants, utilization of cellulose vs. cellulase production, concenby 242 tration of • 404-5

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INDEX

Temperature Soluble starch 365 vs. composition of rye grasses . . 274 Solute exclusion 222,225 vs. hydrolysis of carboxymethylSonification 190, 194 cellulose and filter paper . . 398-9 Sorghum 268 vs. saccharification of cellulose . . 431 Sophorose 61, 64, 400 Time vs. hydrolysis of carboxya,0(l->2) glucoside 401 methylcellulose andfilterpaSoybean 369,371 per 399 cake 382 Timothy 220,248,303 meal 303,305 Tomato 362 protein 367 Total digestible nutrients 264 Spectrophotometric titration 101 Trametes sanguina 121, 396 Spinach 362 127 Sporotrichum pruinoides 59 Transglycosylation Sporotrichum pruinosum 117 of cellotriose 22 Trichoderma Spruce fibers 159 enzyme 417 Sprucewood 220, 246 koningi 84, 124,17? effects of cathode rays on 283 viride . .8, 16,17, 19, 30, 35, 38, 44, 01, Stachybotrys atra 110,114,394 65, 67, 78, 82, 84,113, 119, Staphylococcus aureus 192 121,124, 172,178-9, 222, 224, Starch 349, 372-4, 383, 400 359-61,364, 376, 379-83, Steeped corn 384 385-6, 388, 390-2, 394-6, Steer, fistulated . « . .223, 291-2, 320, 33Q 400, 402, 404-5, 410, 416 Steers 319,322-3 amino acid composition of Stereum sanguinolentum . . . . 58, 65, 85, the endo and exoglu91-3,127-8,172 Straw 281 canases of 17 Streptomyces 30, 424 cellulase 149, 398, 407, 409 sp 394,396 cellulase, substrate vs. extent Structural features of cellulosic maof hydrolysis by 405-6 terials vs. enzymatic hydrolysis 152 Tritiated water 146 Structure of cellulose fibers 155 Tryptophyl groups 101 Structure and morphology of Tyloses 215 cellulose 139 Tyrosyl groups 102 Substituted glucans 121 Substrate vs. extent of hydrolysis by U T. viride cellulase 405-6 Umbilicaria pustulata 108 Substrate vs. rate of saccharificaUnicellular fruits and vegetables . . 362 tion, accessibility of 417 Unicellular vegetables 380 Substrates 427 Unit cell structures of cellulose . . 178 Sucrose 337 Urea 253,303-4,334 Sudan grass 274 supplementation vs. nutritive Sugar maple 200,207 value of NaOH-treated Sugarcane bagasse 448 oat straw 328 Sulfite pulp 387 Uronic acids 109, 256 Sulfur vs. cellulose digestibility . . 255 Utilization of cellulose by Superficial cellulolytic enzymes . . 191 ruminants 242 Supramolecular structure vs. activity of cellulolytic systems . . . 7 Surface area 222 degradation of crystalline hydroVegetables, unicellular 362,380 cellulose vs 423 Vitis vinifera 108 Susceptibility of cotton cellulose to Voluntary intake 329 enzymatic hydrolysis 419 Sweco 430-1,432-3,434 W Sweet potato 362-3,365,369,372-4 starch ; 370 Waste materials, disposal of 153 Swelling 223 Wheat straw 248,257-8,265,282 of cotton in phosphoric acid . . 224 White clover 256-7,268 Synthesis of cellulase, patterns of 67 Wood 280 Synthetic action of enzymes 24 -derived products in ruminant nutrition 298 fiber 316 Tamarindus amyloid 122 during digestion, change in . . 325 polysaccharides in 162 TDN 264,265

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CELLULASES A N D THEIR

Xylan Xylanase /3-Xylans Xylose Yeasts on enzymatic digests of cellulose, growth of

256,365 93,368-9 125 109

411

Zinc vs. cellulose digestibility . . . . 255 Zone electrophoresis 62, 79

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Wood (Continued) molasses 299 products, composition and nutritive value of 299 products, microbial fermentation of 310 pulps 222,233,421 shavings 280 as a source of energy in beef catde rations 279 waste, degradability of 326 Wood by-products 279 World population 279

APPLICATIONS

Hajny and Reese; Cellulases and Their Applications Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1969.